Ratio and Percentages


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Ratio and Percentages

Ratio and Percentage:

Ratio:  The ratio of two quantities 'a' and 'b' of the same kind and in the same units is a fraction large frac{a}{b}  which shows that how many times one quantity is of the other and is written as a : b and is read as 'a is to b' where b ≠ 0. 

Terms of the ratio: In the ratio a : b, the quantities a and b are called terms of the ratio. Here, 'a' is called the first term or the antecedent and `b' is called the second term or consequent.  In the ratio 5 : 9, 5 is called the antecedent and 9 is called the consequent.

Properties of ratio:   If the first term and the second term of a ratio are multiplied / divided by the same non-zero number, the ratio does not change.

  • frac{a}{b}=frac{xa}{xb},; where ;(x neq 0) So,; a : b =; xa : xb
  • frac{a}{b}=frac{frac{a}{x}}{frac{x}{b}},; where ;(x neq 0) So,; a : b =; frac{a}{x} :frac{b}{x}
  • Ratio in the simplest form:  A ratio a : b is said to be in the simplest form if a and b have no common factor other than 1.

    Example:   Express 15 : 10 in the simplest form.

    Solution:     frac{15}{10}=frac{15div 5}{10div 5}= frac{3}{2}

    In this we cancelled the common factor 5.  Thus, we have expressed the ratio

    frac{15}{10}; in; the; simplest; form,; i.e.,frac{3}{2}

    and the terms 3 and 2 have common factor only 1.

    Percentages: The word percent means per hundred.

    Conversion of Ratio into Percent:  x:y=frac{x}{y}= left [ frac{x}{y};X ;100 right ] %

     

    Example: Convert 3:4 into percent

    Solution:  3:4=frac{3}{4}= left [ frac{3}{4};X ;100 right ] %=25%

     

    Ratio and Percentage:  To express a ratio as percentage we add both the ratios. Then we divide the ratio with the sum of ratios and multiply it with 100.

    Example: Express 2:3 as percentage

    Solution: First we find the sum of ratios: 2+3 = 5

    The divide the first ratio i.e. 2 with 5 and multiply with 100.

      dpi{100} frac{2}{5}; X ;100 =; 40%

    The divide the second ratio i.e. 3 with 5 and multiply with 100

       frac{3}{5} ;X ;100 = ;60%

    Or The second ratio can also be found as 100% - 40% = 60%

    Hence, we can express each part of ratio x:y as percentage

    =frac{x}{x+y};X; 100,; frac{y}{x+y};X ;100

    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Convert 0.65% into ratio.

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    47% of the students in a class of 34 students has glasses or contacts. How many students in the class have either glasses or contacts ?

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Ms. Chandok asked his accountant to prepare the balance sheet for reviewing the worth of his company. Part of his balance sheet showing the assets side in given here. On the basis of it answer the following questions.

                                           Assets

    Current Assets                                                                 Rs.
    Cash in bank                                                                      42600
    Inventory                                                                             4500
    prepaid expenses                                                               2400
    Total current assets                                                        49500

                                                  Non - Current assets

    Land                                                                                            20000
    Total non - current assets                                                        20000
    Total assets                                                                                69500

    What is the percentage of non - current assets to the current assets ?

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
     
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